Let’s get specific
Pinning the term ‘cloud computing’ down to a single definition is not just hard, it’s impossible, primarily because vendors have habitually used and abused it to refer to so many different things.
Over the past couple of years we at Freeform Dynamics have tried to break the cloud computing discussion down into its constituent parts in various ways to create some clarity. We have also considered some of the underlying principles that will remain once the marketing people get bored of the term and move on. And over the last year, we have developed a way of walking people through the confusion, both interactively and through advisory material, in order to help them figure out how cloud computing in its various forms might fit into their own plans and activities.
More recently, we have turned our attention to looking beyond cloud at the long term strategy and direction level, and considering where, exactly, the opportunities are for CIOs looking for short to medium term advantage. In order to do this, it helps to distinguish between the different types of cloud ‘proposition’ out there, by which we mean the various categories of offering that translate to solutions you can actually buy.
We’ll be publishing some comprehensive material on this topic shortly, but as a heads up for those who follow my blog, we have identified three types of cloud proposition that we have concluded represent the best bets for the shorter term. These are:
Resource pooling technologies: The IT vendor community has been working for a decade or so on more capable provisioning and management systems that allow IT resources to be utilised in a more flexible and efficient manner. The basic idea is that you make lots of physical assets, whether they be servers or storage devices, look like a single virtual resource pool capable of supporting a variety of virtualised workloads ‘on demand’ in a flexible manner. Applications and workloads can be provisioned rapidly, overall asset utilisation can be increased, and management overheads can potentially be lowered. Over the past couple of years, the term ‘Private Cloud’ has been coined to refer to technology solutions in this space. Whatever you call it, what we are seeing today is the culmination of many years of research, development and early adopter testing. While some of the jargon is new, the technology being offered in this space is now ‘mainstream ready’, i.e. robust, usable and available at a reasonable cost.
Infrastructure hosting: The cloud speak here is ‘Infrastructure as a Service’ (IaaS), and the tendency is to focus on the dynamic and ‘elastic’ services brought to the fore originally by Amazon. However, traditional fixed contract hosting is still very relevant, so there are two important developments in this space that stem from service providers having access to the same (or similar) technology that underpins private cloud. Firstly, better technology has allowed providers to manage their own resources more efficiently. This is shifting the lines in terms of economics, bringing down prices and making even traditional fixed hosting more attractive in a wider range of scenarios. Secondly, for customers that need it, elastic services with both physical and commercial flexibility are becoming more widely accessible on a fully supported basis. The bottom line is that the infrastructure hosting market, while several decades old, is now throwing up some very interesting new options.
Utility style SaaS: The tendency in the industry is to lump all forms of hosted application services into the same ‘Software as a Service’ (SaaS) bucket. It helps, however, to distinguish between services that are generally implemented by customers ‘as they come’ and services based on application functionality that needs a lot of configuration, tailoring and integration work to get up and running. All indications are that the market for the former, i.e. straightforward solutions such as email, basic content management, social business, and even unified comms and collaboration, represents a stronger short to medium term opportunity than the latter. The utility nature of these propositions translates to rapid access to new or improved capability as well as potential cost savings. We also see lots of investment within the consulting community to help organisations with their utility-style SaaS initiatives.
Following on from this last category, more complex SaaS offerings such as ERP and broader scope CRM (beyond simple sales force automation) involve a similar level of evaluation, due diligence and implementation work as their traditional on-premise equivalent, and the potential for cost saving is generally lower. Furthermore, unravelling the issues around information security and management, development, maintenance and support of interfaces that cross the on-premise/provider divide, etc, can be quite a challenge. Separating utility and complex SaaS offerings avoids organisations rejecting the former because of issues that really have more to do with the latter.
The cloud proposition we haven’t mentioned yet is ‘Platform as a Service’ (PaaS), which is basically about hosted application platforms upon which custom cloud applications can be built and executed. It is beyond the scope of this article to discuss this fully, but suffice it to say that we see this as the least well defined, and therefore the most risky, of the cloud plays. While we would encourage organisations to gain experience in this area sooner rather than later, and potentially take advantage of PaaS for tactical requirements, making strategic commitments is hard when standards are immature and competition between proprietary services has yet to play out.
So, for the time being, we would provide three recommendations to CIOs in relation to cloud. Firstly, pay attention to it as there is some interesting stuff going on. Secondly, avoid binary thinking; it is less about evaluating ‘cloud’ as a whole, and more about looking at the opportunities represented by the discrete categories of offering. Thirdly, focus on the three propositions we have called out when looking at short to medium term adoption.
The trick with cloud is always to be clear on the specifics.
Dale is a co-founder of Freeform Dynamics, and today runs the company. As part of this, he oversees the organisation’s industry coverage and research agenda, which tracks technology trends and developments, along with IT-related buying behaviour among mainstream enterprises, SMBs and public sector organisations.
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